Johan Gaume
EPFL ENAC IIE SLAB
GR B2 401 (Bâtiment GR)
Station 2
CH-1015 Lausanne
Unité: SSIE-ENS
PhD Students & Postdocs supervision
PhD Students:
Bertil Trottet (EPFL SLAB)
Lars Blatny (EPFL SLAB)
Grégoire Bobillier (co-supervision, SLF)
Michael Kyburz (co-supervision, SLF)
Camille Ligneau (co-supervision, SLF)
PostDocs:
Xingyue Li (EPFL SLAB)
Biography
I started my scientific career in 2008 at the Grenoble University in the IRSTEA laboratory where I did my master's thesis on the discrete element modeling of the rheology of dense granular materials. In the same lab, I followed with a PhD on the numerical modeling of slab avalanche release using a combined mechanical-statistical approach.
In 2013 I obtained a postdoc position at the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF in Davos where I was in charge of developing and applying numerical models to improve the evaluation of avalanche release conditions and thus avalanche forecasting. While my PhD was mostly theoretical and numerical, my postdoc in Davos allowed me to gain a practical expertise by participating in laboratory and field experiments which helped to validate the models I develop.
In 2016, I was awarded a SNF grant to work as a research and teaching associate in CRYOS at EPFL on the multiscale modeling of snow and avalanche processes. I develop discrete approaches to model snow micro-structure deformation and failure in order to evaluate constitutive snow models to be used at a larger scale in continuum models.
In 2017, I will be a Visiting Scholar at UCLA to work on a Material Point Method (MPM) for snow avalanche simulation and rendering. The MPM model was initially developed for the Disney movie "Frozen" and will be enriched to model the release and flow of slab avalanches.
In 2018, I was awarded the SNF Eccellenza Professorial Fellowship and became professor at EPFL and head of SLAB, the Snow and Avalanche Simulation Laboratory.
Current work
-A Material Point Method for snow and avalanche mechanics (SNF Eccellenza)
-Multiscale modeling of snow and avalanche processes (SNF Ambizione)
-A Material Point Method for snow avalanche simulation (SNF International Short Visit)
-Discrete element modeling of snowflake fragmentation and wind-blowing snow
-Lead convener. Session “Challenges in measuring and modeling snow mechanics” IUGG 2019, Montreal, Canada.
-International workshop co-coordinator. “Computational methods for snow and avalanche release mechanics” ALERT 2019 Geomaterials conference, Aussois, France
-Principal organizer of the SLAM3 workshop (Slab Avalanche Multiscale Mechanical Modeling), Davos.
-Main director of 3 PhD students, supervision of 1 PostDoc and co-supervision of 2 PhD students
-Scientific reviewer for Nature, Cold Region Science and Technology, Journal of Glaciology, Water Resource Research, International Journal of Solids and Structures, Geophysical Research Letters, Journal of Geophysical Research, The Cryosphere.
-Co-convener of the session "Snow and snow cover processes". EGU 2016-2017
-Lecturer in the master course "Physics and Hydrology of Snow". EPFL
-Co-editor. Special Issue “Relevance of snow microstructure study in cryospheric sciences ” in Frontiers in Earth Sciences.
CV
https://www.dropbox.com/s/crhuwmmcugv0zbv/CV_Johan_Gaume.pdf?dl=0
Parcours professionnel
| SNF Professor and head of laboratory | SLAB Snow and Avalanche Simulation Laboratory | EPFL | 2019-today |
| Visiting Scholar | Computer Science Department | UPenn | 2018 |
| Research and teaching associate | CRYOS | EPFL | 2016-2018 |
| Visiting Scholar | Department of Mathematics | UCLA, Los Angeles, California | 2017 |
| Guest scientist | WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland | 2016-today | |
| Postdoc | WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland | 2013-2016 | |
| PhD student | IRSTEA | 2009-2012 |
Education
| PhD | Mechanics | University of Grenoble | 2009-2012 |
| Master | Mechanics and Physics | Grenoble Institute of Technology | 2008 |
| Engineering degree | Soils, solids and fluids mechanics | ENSE3, Grenoble Institute of Technology | 2005-2008 |
| Maths Sup - Maths Spé | Mathematics and Physics | Lycée Victor Hugo, Besançon | 2003-2005 |
Publications
Infoscience
Publis
Journal Articles
2019
[1]
2018
[2]
J. Gaume; G. Chambon; A. van Herwijnen; J. Schweizer : Stress Concentrations in Weak Snowpack Layers and Conditions for Slab Avalanche Release; Geophysical Research Letters. 2018-08-28. Vol. 45, num. 16, p. 8363-8369. DOI : 10.1029/2018GL078900.
[3]
L. Benedetti; J. Gaume; J.-T. Fischer : A mechanically-based model of snow slab and weak layer fracture in the Propagation Saw Test; International Journal of Solids and Structures. 2018-02-09. Vol. 158, p. 1-20. DOI : 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.12.033.
2017
[4]
E. Podolskiy; G. Chambon; M. Naaim; J. Gaume : A review of finite-element modelling in snow mechanics; Journal of Glaciology. 2017-07-10. Vol. 59, num. 218, p. 1189-1201. DOI : 10.3189/2013JoG13J121.
[5]
J. Gaume; A. van Herwijnen : Les tests de stabilité à la loupe; Neige et avalanches. 2017-04-04. num. 157, p. 15-16.
[6]
[7]
[8]
F. Comola; J. F. Kok; J. Gaume; E. Paterna; M. Lehning : Fragmentation of wind-blown snow crystals; Geophysical Research Letters. 2017. Vol. 44, num. 9, p. 4195-4203. DOI : 10.1002/2017GL073039.
[9]
J. Gaume; A. van Herwijnen; G. Chambon; N. Wever; J. Schweizer : Snow fracture in relation to slab avalanche release: critical state for the onset of crack propagation; The Cryosphere. 2017. DOI : 10.5194/tc-11-217-2017.
2016
[10]
J. Schweizer; B. Reuter; A. van Herwijnen; B. Richter; J. Gaume : Temporal evolution of crack propagation propensity in snow in relation to slab and weak layer properties; The Cryosphere. 2016-11-11. Vol. 10, num. 6, p. 2637-2653. DOI : 10.5194/tc-10-2637-2016.
[11]
A. VAN HERWIJNEN; J. GAUME; E. H. BAIR; B. REUTER; K. W. BIRKELAND et al. : Estimating the effective elastic modulus and specific fracture energy of snowpack layers from field experiments; Journal of Glaciology. 2016-07-25. Vol. 62, num. 236, p. 997-1007. DOI : 10.1017/jog.2016.90.
[12]
F. Monti; J. Gaume; A. van Herwijnen; J. Schweizer : Snow instability evaluation: calculating the skier-induced stress in a multi-layered snowpack; Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 2016-03-18. Vol. 16, num. 3, p. 775-788. DOI : 10.5194/nhess-16-775-2016.
2015
[13]
J. Gaume; A. van Herwijnen; G. Chambon; K. W. Birkeland; J. Schweizer : Modeling of crack propagation in weak snowpack layers using the discrete element method; The Cryosphere. 2015-10-08. Vol. 9, num. 5, p. 1915-1932. DOI : 10.5194/tc-9-1915-2015.
[14]
J. Gaume; G. Chambon; N. Eckert; M. Naaim; J. Schweizer : Influence of weak layer heterogeneity and slab properties on slab tensile failure propensity and avalanche release area; The Cryosphere. 2015-04-27. Vol. 9, num. 2, p. 795-804. DOI : 10.5194/tc-9-795-2015.
[15]
I. Reiweger; J. Gaume; J. Schweizer : A new mixed-mode failure criterion for weak snowpack layers; Geophysical Research Letters. 2015-03-27. Vol. 42, num. 5, p. 1427-1432. DOI : 10.1002/2014GL062780.
[16]
E. A. Podolskiy; G. Chambon; M. Naaim; J. Gaume : Evaluating snow weak-layer failure parameters through inverse finite element modelling of shaking-platform experiments; Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 2015-01-15. Vol. 15, num. 1, p. 119-134. DOI : 10.5194/nhess-15-119-2015.
[17]
W. Steinkogler; J. Gaume; H. Loewe; B. Sovilla; M. Lehning : Granulation of snow: From tumbler experiments to discrete element simulations; Journal Of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface. 2015. Vol. 120, num. 6, p. 1107-1126. DOI : 10.1002/2014Jf003294.
2014
[18]
J. Gaume; J. Schweizer; A. van Herwijnen; G. Chambon; B. Reuter et al. : Evaluation of slope stability with respect to snowpack spatial variability; Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface. 2014-08-21. Vol. 119, num. 9, p. 1783-1799. DOI : 10.1002/2014JF003193.
2013
[19]
J. Gaume; N. Eckert; G. Chambon; M. Naaim : Prédétermination des hauteurs de départ d'avalanches : une approche par extrêmes spatiaux; La Houille Blanche. 2013-10-05. num. 5, p. 30-36. DOI : 10.1051/lhb/2013040.
[20]
J. Gaume; N. Eckert; G. Chambon; M. Naaim; L. Bel : Mapping extreme snowfalls in the French Alps using max-stable processes; Water Resources Research. 2013-02-28. Vol. 49, num. 2, p. 1079-1098. DOI : 10.1002/wrcr.20083.
[21]
J. Gaume; G. Chambon; N. Eckert; M. Naaim : Influence of weak-layer heterogeneity on snow slab avalanche release: application to the evaluation of avalanche release depths; Journal of Glaciology. 2013. Vol. 59, num. 215, p. 423-437. DOI : 10.3189/2013JoG12J161.
2012
[22]
J. Gaume; G. Chambon; N. Eckert; M. Naaim : Relative influence of mechanical and meteorological factors on avalanche release depth distributions: An application to French Alps; Geophysical Research Letters. 2012-06-20. Vol. 39, num. 12, p. n/a-n/a. DOI : 10.1029/2012GL051917.
2011
[23]
J. Gaume; G. Chambon; M. Naaim : Quasistatic to inertial transition in granular materials and the role of fluctuations; Physical Review E. 2011-11-11. Vol. 84, num. 5. DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevE.84.051304.
[24]
N. Eckert; J. Gaume; H. Castebrunet : Using spatial and spatial-extreme statistics to characterize snow avalanche cycles; Procedia Environmental Sciences. 2011. Vol. 7, p. 224-229. DOI : 10.1016/j.proenv.2011.07.039.
2010
[25]
N. Eckert; C. Coleou; H. Castebrunet; M. Deschatres; G. Giraud et al. : Cross-comparison of meteorological and avalanche data for characterising avalanche cycles: The example of December 2008 in the eastern part of the French Alps; Cold Regions Science and Technology. 2010. Vol. 64, num. 2, p. 119-136. DOI : 10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.08.009.
Conference Papers
2018
[26]
M. Kyburz; B. Sovilla; J. Gaume; C. Ancey : Avalanche pressures at the Vallée de la Sionne test site: interaction of avalanches and narrow strictures studied with DEM.. 2018. Proceedings of the International Snow Science Workshop 2018, Innsbruck, Austria, 2018.
[27]
G. Bobillier; J. Gaume; A. van Herwijnen; J. Dual; J. Schweizer : Modeling the Propagation Saw Test with Discrete Elements. 2018. Proceedings of the International Snow Science Workshop 2018, Innsbruck, Austria, 2018.
[28]
J. Gaume; T. Gast; J. Teran; A. van Herwijnen; C. Jiang : Unified modeling of the release and flow of snow avalanches using MPM.. 2018. Proceedings of the International Snow Science Workshop 2018, Innsbruck, Austria, 2018.
2016
[29]
J. Gaume; B. Reuter; A. van Herwijnen; J. Schweizer : A new crack propagation criterion for skier-triggered snow slab avalanches. 2016. International Snow Science Workshop, Breckenridge, Colorado, USA.
[30]
J. Gaume; A. van Herwijnen; G. Chambon; N. Wever; J. Schweizer : Critical length for the onset of crack propagation in snow: reconciling shear and collapse. 2016. International Snow Science Workshop, Breckenridge, Colorado, USA.
Talks
2018
[31]
J. Gaume : Unified modeling of avalanche release and flow using MPM ; OSUG Snow workshop, Centre d'Etude de la Neige, MétéoFrance, Grenoble, France.
[32]
J. Gaume : Unified modeling of snow and avalanche mechanics using the material point method ; EPFL IIE Seminar Series, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
[33]
M. Kyburz; B. Sovilla; J. Gaume; C. Ancey : Dense flow avalanche pressure on obstacle studied with DEM ; EGU, Vienna, Austria, April 09-13, 2018.
[34]
G. Bobillier; J. Gaume; A. van Herwijnen; J. Dual; J. Schweizer : Micromechanical modeling of crack propagation for snow slab avalanche release. Workshop: Accounting for phase transitions in granular media: from micromechanics to macroscopic unified modeling. Milano, Italy, September 6-7, 2018.
[35]
G. Bobillier; J. Gaume; A. van Herwijnen; J. Dual; J. Schweizer : Modeling crack propagation for snow slab avalanche release with discrete elements ; ECCM ECFD, Glasgow, UK , 2018.
[36]
M. Kyburz; B. Sovilla; J. Gaume; C. Ancey : Dense flow avalanche pressure on obstacle studied with DEM ; ECCM ECFD, Glasgow, UK, 2018.
[37]
J. Gaume : Dynamics of propagating anticracks in snow slab avalanches ; EGU, Vienna, Austria, April 09-13, 2018.
[38]
J. Gaume : Unified modeling of the release and flow of snow avalanches using MPM ; EGU, Vienna, Austria, April 09-13, 2018.
[39]
J. Gaume; T. Gast; J. Teran; A. van Herwijnen; C. Jiang : Unified modeling of the release and flow of snow avalanches using the material point method ; ECCM ECFD, Glascow, UK, 2018.
2017
[40]
J. Gaume : Unified modeling of slab avalanche release and flow using the material point method ; SLF Seminar, Davos, Switzerland.
Media
2019
[41]
2018
[42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
2017
[46]
J. Gaume : Johan Gaume a mis au point un nouveau modèle pour évaluer les conditions de déclenchement des avalanches. 2017-03-03.
[47]
[48]
[49]
[50]
Autres publications
| Gaume J, Chambon G, van Herwijnen A, Schweizer J. Geophys. Res. Lett. 45(16) 8363-8369 |
Stress concentrations in weak snowpack layers and condition for slab avalanche release |
| Gaume J, Loewe H, Tan S, Tsang L. Physical Review E (in press). 2017 |
Scaling laws for the mechanics of loose and cohesive granular materials based on Baxter’s sticky hard spheres |
| Gaume J and Reuter B Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. (in press). 2017 |
Assessing snow instability in skier-triggered snow slab avalanches by combining failure initiation and crack propagation |
| Comola F, Kok J, Gaume J, Paterna E, Lehning M. Geophys. Res. Lett. 44, doi:10.1002/2017GL073039. 2017. |
Fragmentation of wind-blown snow crystals |
| Gaume J, van Herwijnen A, Chambon G, Wever N, Schweizer J. The Cryosphere, 11, 217-228. 2017. |
Snow fracture in relation to slab avalanche release: critical state for the onset of crack propagation |
| Schweizer J, Reuter B, van Herwijnen A, Richter B, Gaume J. The Cryosphere, 10, 2637-2653. 2016 |
Temporal evolution of crack propagation propensity in snow in relation to slab and weak layer properties |
| van Herwijnen A, Gaume J, Bair E, Reuter B, Birkeland K, Schweizer J. J. Glaciol., 62(236), 997-1007, 2016 |
Estimating the effective elastic modulus and specific fracture energy of snowpack layers from field experiments |
| Monti F*, Gaume J*, Schweizer J. (* co-first authors). Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 775-788. 2016 |
Snow instability evaluation: calculating the skier-induced stress in a multi-layered snowpack |
| Gaume J, van Herwijnen A, Chambon G, Birkeland K, Schweizer J. The Cryosphere, 9, 1915-1932. 2015. |
Modeling of crack propagation in weak snowpack layers using the discrete element method. |
| Steinkogler W, Gaume J, Loewe H, Sovilla B, Lehning M. J. Geophys. Res., 120, 1107-1126. 2015 |
Granulation of snow: From tumbler experiments to discrete element simulations. |
| Reiweger I*, Gaume J*, Schweizer J. (* co-first authors) Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 1427–1432, 2015 |
A new mixed mode failure criterion for weak snowpack layers. |
| Gaume J, Chambon G, Eckert N, Naaim M, Schweizer J. The Cryosphere, 9, 795-804, 2014 |
Influence of weak layer heterogeneity and slab properties on slab tensile failure propensity and avalanche release areas., |
| Gaume J, Schweizer J, van Herwijnen A, Chambon G, Reuter B, Eckert N, Schweizer J. J. Geophys. Res, 119, 2014 |
Evaluation of slope stability with respect to snowpack spatial variability. |
| Podolskiy E, Chambon G, Naaim M, Gaume J. Nat. Hazard Earth Syst. Sci. |
Evaluation of rupture Mohr-Coulomb parameters through finite element modelling of shaking plateform experiments |
| Podolskiy E, Chambon G, Naaim M, Gaume J. J. Glaciol., 59(218), 1189-1201, 2013 |
A review of finite element modelling in snow mechanics |
| Gaume J, Chambon G, Eckert N, Naaim M. J. Glaciol., 59(215), 423-437, 2013. |
Influence of weak layer heterogeneity on slab avalanche release: Application to the evaluation of avalanche release depths. |
| Gaume J, Eckert N, Bel L, Chambon G, Naaim M. Water Resour. Res., 49(2), 1079-1098, 2013 |
Mapping extreme snowfalls in the French Alps using max-stable processes |
| Gaume J, Chambon G, Eckert N, Naaim M. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39(12), L12401, 2012. |
Relative influence of mechanical and meteorological factors on slab avalanche release depth distributions |
| Eckert N, Coleou C, Castebrunet H, Deschatres M, Giraud G, Gaume J. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 64, 119-136, 2011 |
Cross comparison of meteorological and avalanche data for characterizing avalanche cycles: the example of December 2008 in the eastern part of the southern French Alps |
| Eckert N, Gaume J, Castebrunet H. Procedia Environmental sciences, 7, 224-229, 2011 |
Using spatial and spatial-extreme statistics to characterize snow avalanche cycles |
| Gaume J, Chambon G, Naaim M. Phys. Rev. E., 84(5), 051304, 2011 |
Quasistatic to inertial transition in granular materials and the role of fluctuations |
